William shields



- emu ietra time trim WILLIAM snIn-Lns; 0F. PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 74,616, dated February 18, 1868.

IMPROVED DIE FOR MAKING SQUAREr-HEADED BOLTS.

To ALL wHoM' IT MAY oononnu .Be it known that I, WILLIAM SHIELDS, of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in Dies for Making Square-Headed Bolts; and do hereby,

declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, rei'eren'ce being bad to the om panying drawings, forming part of thisspecificatioinin wb icl1-- I Figure I is a top-view of my improved dies and the heading-plunger just in position for forming the head on acylindric rodor bolt.

' Figure 2 is a topview of the same parts as they appear when the head hasbeen formed.

Figures 3 and 4 are sectional views in the lines y y and x a; of ,figs. 1 and 2. Figure 5 is a section in the line 9 g of fig. 3. Figure 6 is a section in the line 15 t of fig. 4. Figure 7 is a perspective view,showin g the dies and heading-plunger. Figure 8 is a perspective view of =the-front end o the heading-plunger.

Figure 9 is a perspective view ofthe finished bolt, readyto be screw-threaded;

To enable others skilled'in the art to make my invention, I will proceed to describe the same with references to the drawings.

The dies and heading-pluuger,herein shown and described, are arranged and operated in precisely the same manner as now commonly practised, and-it will be only necessary for me to des ribethe improvement upon these dies which I have made.

My improvement consists in making a horizontal flange or shoulder, A, oneach of the jaws which form the die. This shoulder extends horizontally from near the base of the jaw to the centre of the hole, through which the bolt-rod is passed, and there-being a shoulder on each jaw, and both shoulders being of the same length, horizontally, it follows that the die, within which thebolt-he ad is formed, will have'th ree sides, that is, two vertical sides and one horizontal side orwallt it being open at top but closed at bottom, and on two sides,

as shown in figs. 6 andv'i, when the operation of heading a. bolt is beingperformed. It will be understoodwthat one of the jaws of the die is made to reciprocatewhile the other is'stationary; usually the left jaw is the movableone. The heading-plunger also reciprocates. Thescrmotions, in one of the jaws and in the headingplunger, are very familiar in bolt-headers, and, need not be more particularly referred to here. Bolt heading dies may have been made with all four sides closed, but not withvany good success, unless provision be made for the exit or crowding back of surplus metal, termed fins, during the headingprocess. By closing the bottom of the die, and leaving the top wholly open, a free exit, for the fins, as they are removed or crowded back, is secured. The removal of the fins, or the crowding back thereof is effected by means of .a cutter, s, formedon the face of the plunger 13, as shown in fig. 8., Thisoutter also gives a rounding finish to the corners oi the bolt-head during thevforming audsquaring operation. The cutting ofi' of the fins or crowding back thereof,

and the shaping of the bolt-head during the squaring' operation, are due to the fact that the ends of the cutter stand, just level with the top of the jaws of the dies, as illustrated in fig. 4.

I am aware that n plunger with a die which is open at both top and bottom has been used, and that fins have been removed or crowded back during the heading operation, and therefore I lay no claim thereto.

The advantage of my die with closed bottom'and open top, over a die closed on all sides, is this: In the latter there is great liability of the fins working in between the jaws and the plunger, and a very objectionable spike being produced, whereas in the former the fins are always removed or crowded back, and a very'perfect bolt produced. The advantage of having the bottom of the die closed and the top open is this: The bolt-head 'is supported on threesides during the formation, andthus the liability ofthe'head being made oblong vertically is greatly overcome; andbeside this, it is .only necessary to turn the bolt three, four, or .five times in its die in order to get a perfectly square head, whereas when there is no support at the base of the die, the metal,

under theaction of thsplunger, is very apt to'assume an oblong form when upset between the sidejaws and the front shoulders thereof, and owing to this it is often necessary to turn the bol't from ten. to fifteen times in its die before the desired square form is secured, and even then the difi'erent'bolts will have different forms of heads, some slightly oblong, some nearly square, and others, by chance, square.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- The combination of the jaws with flanges A A and the plunger. 13, constructed, and arranged, and operating substantially as and'for the purpose herein described.

WILLIAM SHIELDS.-

Witnesses:

B. RWAnnnn, Josnrn GILrm. 

